point.comPHP File Handling
PHP file handling enables you to perform operations to create, open, read from files, write to files and close them which makes it practical for logging operations and data storage along with content management without database usage.
File Handling Functions
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| fopen() | Opens a file or URL |
| fread() | Reads from an open file |
| fwrite() | Writes to an open file |
| fclose() | Closes an open file |
File Modes for fopen()
| Mode | Description |
|---|---|
| 'r' | Read-only |
| 'w' | Write-only (truncates file) |
| 'a' | Write-only (appends to file) |
| 'r+' | Read/Write (file must exist) |
| 'w+' | Read/Write (truncates or creates) |
| 'a+' | Read/Write (creates if not exists) |
Example: Writing to a File
<?php
$file = fopen("demo.txt", "w"); // Open for writing
fwrite($file, "Hello, PHP File Handling!");
fclose($file); // Always close the file
?>
Example: Reading from a File
<?php
$file = fopen("demo.txt", "r"); // Open for reading
$content = fread($file, filesize("demo.txt")); // Read full file
fclose($file);
echo $content; // Output: Hello, PHP File Handling!
?>
Example : Append to a File
<?php
$file = fopen("demo.txt", "a"); // Open for appending
fwrite($file, "\nNew Line Added!");
fclose($file);
?>
Example : Error Handling
<?php
$file = fopen("data.txt", "r") or die("Unable to open file!");
echo fread($file, filesize("data.txt"));
fclose($file);
?>
- Always use fclose() to free resources
- Use file_exists() to check if a file is present
- Use is_writable() and is_readable() for safety
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