Java Interthread communication

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When two or more threads communicate with each other to exchange some information. This process is called Interthread communication.

The following three methods which make thread communication is possible.

  • wait()
  • notify()
  • notifyAll()
S.No Method Description
1 public void wait() It causes the current thread to wait until another thread calls the notify() or notifyAll().
2 public void notify() It wakes up a single thread that is waiting on this object's monitor.
3 public void notifyAll() It wakes up all the threads that called wait() on the same object.

All three methods can be called only from within a synchronized context.

Example:

class Customer {
    int Stock=1000;
    synchronized void get(int Stock) {
        if(this.Stock < Stock){
            System.out.println("Less Stock and Customer waiting for refill"); 
            try {
                wait();
            } catch(InterruptedException e) {
                System.out.println("InterruptedException caught");
            }
            this.Stock-=Stock;  
            System.out.println("Stock Soldout Sucessfully");  
        }
    }
    synchronized void put(int Stock) {
        System.out.println("Going for Stock refill");  
        this.Stock+=Stock;  
        System.out.println("Stock refill is completed ");  
        notify();
    }
}
class Producer implements Runnable {
    Customer cus;
    Producer(Customer cus) {
        this.cus = cus;
        new Thread(this, "Producer").start();
    }
    public void run() {
        cus.put(2000);
    }
}
class Consumer implements Runnable {
    Customer cus;
    Consumer(Customer cus) {
        this.cus = cus;
        new Thread(this, "Consumer").start();
    }
    public void run() {
        while(true) {
            cus.get(1500);
        }
    }
}
class Interruptingthread{
    public static void main(String args[]) {
        Customer cus = new Customer();
        new Consumer(cus);
        new Producer(cus);
    }
}
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What is the difference between wait and sleep?

S.No Sleep() method Wait() method
1 The Sleep method doesn't release the lock. The wait method releases the lock when we use notify or notifyAll.
2 The sleep is the method of Thread class The sleep is the method of Object class
3 It is static method It is non-static method
4 It is waiting for the specified amount of time. It should wake up by notifying () or notifyAll () methods.
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