JDBC Statement Interface

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The Statement interface from java.sql enables the execution of static SQL queries on a database. The Statement interface handles basic SQL commands including SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE which do not require parameters.

Key Responsibilities

  • Sending SQL queries to the database
  • Executing read/write operations
  • Fetching results using ResultSet
  • Useful for simple and non-repetitive queries

Syntax

Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();

Methods of Statement

Method Description
executeQuery(String sql) Executes a SELECT query and returns a ResultSet
executeUpdate(String sql) Executes INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE query; returns number of affected rows
execute(String sql) Executes any SQL statement; returns boolean for result availability
close() Closes the statement
getResultSet() Returns the ResultSet from last execute()
getUpdateCount() Returns number of rows affected

Example

 import java.sql.*;

public class StatementExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
            Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(
                "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb", "root", "password");

            // Create statement
            Statement stmt = con.createStatement();

            // Execute query
            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM employees");

            // Process result
            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println(rs.getInt("id") + " " + rs.getString("name"));
            }

            // Close
            rs.close();
            stmt.close();
            con.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
Run ›

Statement vs PreparedStatement

Feature Statement PreparedStatement
Query Type Static (hardcoded) Dynamic with parameters
Security Vulnerable to SQL injection Safe against SQL injection
Performance Compiled every time Precompiled — better for repeated use
Readability Less readable for dynamic data Clean and readable with parameter bindings
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