JDBC Connectivity with Oracle

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Establishing a connection between a Java application and an Oracle Database using JDBC requires:

  • Oracle JDBC Driver (ojdbc8.jar or ojdbc11.jar)
  • Oracle Database installed (locally or on server)
  • Valid username and password
  • Correct connection string

Steps for Setup

Download Oracle JDBC Driver

  • Retrieve ojdbc8.jar or ojdbc11.jar from Oracle's official website.
  • Integrate the Oracle JDBC Driver into your project's classpath using your IDE or build tools such as Maven and Gradle.

Oracle JDBC Connection URL Format

jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:port:SID 
jdbc:oracle:thin:@//host:port/service_name

Example

String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe";           // SID-based
String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@//localhost:1521/orclpdb";    // Service-name-based

Maven Dependency (if using Maven)

 <dependency>
    <groupId>com.oracle.database.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>ojdbc8</artifactId>
    <version>19.3.0.0</version>
</dependency>

Example

import java.sql.*;

public class OracleJDBCExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;

        try {
            // Step 1: Load the Oracle JDBC driver
            Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");

            // Step 2: Establish the connection
            con = DriverManager.getConnection(
                "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe", // Your Oracle DB URL
                "system",                               // Username
                "oracle"                                // Password
            );

            // Step 3: Create a statement
            stmt = con.createStatement();

            // Step 4: Execute query
            rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM employees");

            // Step 5: Process result
            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println(rs.getInt("id") + " " + rs.getString("name"));
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // Step 6: Close all resources
            try {
                if (rs != null) rs.close();
                if (stmt != null) stmt.close();
                if (con != null) con.close();
            } catch (SQLException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}
Run ›
Error Solution
ClassNotFoundException Ensure ojdbc.jar is in your classpath
ORA-28000: the account is locked Unlock the user via SQL*Plus or Admin tool
ORA-12514: TNS listener does not know Use correct service name or SID in connection string
SQLRecoverableException: Closed Connection Check if connection is closed before use
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